China: Prince Yinreng (1674-1725), son of the Kangxi Emperor.

Yinreng (6 June 1674 - 27 January 1725) was the heir apparent to the imperial throne of China. He was the second of the Kangxi Emperor's 20 sons to have survived into adulthood. Yinreng's mother, Empress Xiaocheng of the Heseri clan, a niece of Songgotu, died giving birth to him and was greatly lamented by Kangxi. The Emperor himself taught Yinreng to read and made Yinreng heir to the throne when he was only two years old. Under a string of scholar-official tutors, the prince became well-versed in both Chinese and Manchu. In the years 1696 and 1697, when the Emperor was on campaign against Galdan of the Dzungars, Yinreng was both times made regent to look over affairs in Beijing. Despite scandals and suggestions of immorality, he remained in his father's favour and was given the Western Garden. In 1703, Yinreng's great uncle Songgotu was imprisoned and died shortly afterwards. The heir apparent gradually fell into disfavor. In 1708, on the semi-annual hunting expeditions at Rehe, Kangxi charged Yinreng with immorality, sexual impropriety, usurping power, and treason. He was deprived of his position as heir apparent and imprisoned.