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Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Empire is borrowing.” The government of Napoleon III practiced the policy of borrowing, especially to finance its wars. Illustration by Frid'Rick, La Lanterne, July 4, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, volume 1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Empire is borrowing.” The government of Napoleon III practiced the policy of borrowing, especially to finance its wars. Illustration by Frid'Rick, La Lanterne, July 4, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, volume 1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401034

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Freedom of speech”. Opposition bailed by the minions of the imperial government of Napoleon III. Illustration by Andre Gill, La Lanterne, November 20, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, volume 2), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Freedom of speech”. Opposition bailed by the minions of the imperial government of Napoleon III. Illustration by Andre Gill, La Lanterne, November 20, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, volume 2), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401073

Charles IX (1550-74) is told by the Diet that his brother Henri d'Anjou (1553-1610) has been elected King of Poland - Ambassadors of the Diete of Poland (Lower House of the Polish Parliament) announce to the Duke of Anjou, future Henry III, King of France, his election to the throne of Poland, in the presence of Charles IX and Catherine de Medicis, 1573 - Draw and engraved by Ambroise Tardieu in 1825.

Charles IX (1550-74) is told by the Diet that his brother Henri d'Anjou (1553-1610) has been elected King of Poland - Ambassadors of the Diete of Poland (Lower House of the Polish Parliament) announce to the Duke of Anjou, future Henry III, King of France, his election to the throne of Poland, in the presence of Charles IX and Catherine de Medicis, 1573 - Draw and engraved by Ambroise Tardieu in 1825.

Tardieu, Ambroise (1788-1841)

Stefano Bianchetti

XEE4117148

Brokers, reign of Henri III, 1580. Handcoloured steel engraving by Polidor Pauquet after a contemporary painting from the Pauquet Brothers' “” Modes et Costumes Historique”” (Historical Fashions and Costumes), Paris, 1865. Hippolyte (b. 1797) and Polydor Pauquet (b. 1799) ran a successful publishing house in Paris in the 19th century, specializing in illustrated books on costume, birds, butterflies, anatomy and natural history.

Brokers, reign of Henri III, 1580. Handcoloured steel engraving by Polidor Pauquet after a contemporary painting from the Pauquet Brothers' “” Modes et Costumes Historique”” (Historical Fashions and Costumes), Paris, 1865. Hippolyte (b. 1797) and Polydor Pauquet (b. 1799) ran a successful publishing house in Paris in the 19th century, specializing in illustrated books on costume, birds, butterflies, anatomy and natural history.

FLO4685932

Broker, reign of Henri III, 1580. Handcoloured steel engraving by Hippolyte Pauquet after a contemporary painting from the Pauquet Brothers' “” Modes et Costumes Historique” (Historical Fashions and Costumes), Paris, 1865. Hippolyte (b. 1797) and Polydor Pauquet (b. 1799) ran a successful publishing house in Paris in the 19th century, specializing in illustrated books on costume, birds, butterflies, anatomy and natural history.

Broker, reign of Henri III, 1580. Handcoloured steel engraving by Hippolyte Pauquet after a contemporary painting from the Pauquet Brothers' “” Modes et Costumes Historique” (Historical Fashions and Costumes), Paris, 1865. Hippolyte (b. 1797) and Polydor Pauquet (b. 1799) ran a successful publishing house in Paris in the 19th century, specializing in illustrated books on costume, birds, butterflies, anatomy and natural history.

FLO4685941

Gentleman, reign of Henri III, 1586. Handcoloured steel engraving by Hippolyte Pauquet after Gaignieres from the Pauquet Brothers' “” Modes et Costumes Historique” (Historical Fashions and Costumes), Paris, 1865. Hippolyte (b. 1797) and Polydor Pauquet (b. 1799) ran a successful publishing house in Paris in the 19th century, specializing in illustrated books on costume, birds, butterflies, anatomy and natural history.

Gentleman, reign of Henri III, 1586. Handcoloured steel engraving by Hippolyte Pauquet after Gaignieres from the Pauquet Brothers' “” Modes et Costumes Historique” (Historical Fashions and Costumes), Paris, 1865. Hippolyte (b. 1797) and Polydor Pauquet (b. 1799) ran a successful publishing house in Paris in the 19th century, specializing in illustrated books on costume, birds, butterflies, anatomy and natural history.

FLO4685924

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “If the Empire takes from Robert Macaire by Napoleon III, it takes from Loyola by his pious wife. At the Tuileries, now we find Jesuites everywhere.” Robert Macaire, boasting crook, heros of the piece “” L'Auberge des Adrets”” and a series of lithographs by Daumier. In Chatiments, Hugo compares Napoleon III several times to Robert Macaire. Illustration by Frid'Rick, La Lanterne, November 6, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, volume 2), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “If the Empire takes from Robert Macaire by Napoleon III, it takes from Loyola by his pious wife. At the Tuileries, now we find Jesuites everywhere.” Robert Macaire, boasting crook, heros of the piece “” L'Auberge des Adrets”” and a series of lithographs by Daumier. In Chatiments, Hugo compares Napoleon III several times to Robert Macaire. Illustration by Frid'Rick, La Lanterne, November 6, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, volume 2), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401071

Anne, Duke of Joyeuse (1561-1587), favorite of Henri III. Handcoloured steel engraving by Hippolyte Pauquet after a contemporary painting from the Pauquet Brothers' “” Modes et Costumes Historique” (Historical Fashions and Costumes), Paris, 1865. Hippolyte (b. 1797) and Polydor Pauquet (b. 1799) ran a successful publishing house in Paris in the 19th century, specializing in illustrated books on costume, birds, butterflies, anatomy and natural history.

Anne, Duke of Joyeuse (1561-1587), favorite of Henri III. Handcoloured steel engraving by Hippolyte Pauquet after a contemporary painting from the Pauquet Brothers' “” Modes et Costumes Historique” (Historical Fashions and Costumes), Paris, 1865. Hippolyte (b. 1797) and Polydor Pauquet (b. 1799) ran a successful publishing house in Paris in the 19th century, specializing in illustrated books on costume, birds, butterflies, anatomy and natural history.

FLO4685912

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “” The troupe breaking the press of the Republican newspapers””: The Republican press strongly opposed the coup d'état of 2 December by Napoleon III. La Lanterne, April 23, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “” The troupe breaking the press of the Republican newspapers””: The Republican press strongly opposed the coup d'état of 2 December by Napoleon III. La Lanterne, April 23, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401092

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Of the most beautiful eagle, that's all left! “The Imperial Eagle, Second Empire version of Napoleon III. Illustration by Andre Gill, La Lanterne, February 19, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Of the most beautiful eagle, that's all left! “The Imperial Eagle, Second Empire version of Napoleon III. Illustration by Andre Gill, La Lanterne, February 19, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401079

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Stamir, the police journalist.” Alexandre Stamirowski, dit Stamir, had published in his newspaper “L'Inflexible”, a slanderous article accusing Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) of fraud. Illustration by Andre Gill, La Lanterne, July 11, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, volume 1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Stamir, the police journalist.” Alexandre Stamirowski, dit Stamir, had published in his newspaper “L'Inflexible”, a slanderous article accusing Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) of fraud. Illustration by Andre Gill, La Lanterne, July 11, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, volume 1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401035

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Mr. Mouton, elector””. The popularity of Emperor Napoleon III was enormous in the countryside that enjoyed a period of prosperity under the Second Empire. It is the peasants who support the regime in elections. Illustration by Sapeck, La Lanterne, June 11, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Mr. Mouton, elector””. The popularity of Emperor Napoleon III was enormous in the countryside that enjoyed a period of prosperity under the Second Empire. It is the peasants who support the regime in elections. Illustration by Sapeck, La Lanterne, June 11, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401110

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). Everything for the ladies! “”. General Fleury (1815-1884) took an active part in the coup d'état of 2 December. He remains the faithful accomplice of sovereign Napoleon III in politics and privacy. La Lanterne, July 9, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). Everything for the ladies! “”. General Fleury (1815-1884) took an active part in the coup d'état of 2 December. He remains the faithful accomplice of sovereign Napoleon III in politics and privacy. La Lanterne, July 9, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401112

Cover of “” Le Grelot””, number 39, Satirique en Couleurs, 1872_1_7: La boutique a thirteen - President of the Republic, Toys - Marianne, Napoleon III, Hippolyte de Villemessant (1810-1879), Prince Imperial, Marianne Commune, Duc d'Aumale (Henri d'Orleans, 1827-1897), Peire, Comte de Paris (Philippe Orleans 1838-1894), Coq, Guignol, Plon-Plon Jerome Bonaparte (1822-1891), Communard - Illustration by Alfred Le Petro (1841-1909)

Cover of “” Le Grelot””, number 39, Satirique en Couleurs, 1872_1_7: La boutique a thirteen - President of the Republic, Toys - Marianne, Napoleon III, Hippolyte de Villemessant (1810-1879), Prince Imperial, Marianne Commune, Duc d'Aumale (Henri d'Orleans, 1827-1897), Peire, Comte de Paris (Philippe Orleans 1838-1894), Coq, Guignol, Plon-Plon Jerome Bonaparte (1822-1891), Communard - Illustration by Alfred Le Petro (1841-1909)

Le Petit, Alfred (1841-1909)

ICA4923168

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “The Fraternal Arm”: at its beginning, the empire of Napoleon III was rather favourable to the working world, but soon became concerned about the rise of socialist ideas. The reign ends in the middle of a fire of strikes, and the troop rebukes in blood. Illustration by Frid'Rick La Lanterne, July 18, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, vol1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “The Fraternal Arm”: at its beginning, the empire of Napoleon III was rather favourable to the working world, but soon became concerned about the rise of socialist ideas. The reign ends in the middle of a fire of strikes, and the troop rebukes in blood. Illustration by Frid'Rick La Lanterne, July 18, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, vol1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401041

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Sainte Pelagie, patron saint of journalists””. The Sainte-Pelagie prison was established in 1790 in a convent on the Sainte-Genevieve mountain (Sainte Genevieve in Paris). In the 19th century, prisoners for debt and political opponents were locked up. Henri de Rochefort stayed there. Illustration by Frid'Rick, La Lanterne, March 21, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Sainte Pelagie, patron saint of journalists””. The Sainte-Pelagie prison was established in 1790 in a convent on the Sainte-Genevieve mountain (Sainte Genevieve in Paris). In the 19th century, prisoners for debt and political opponents were locked up. Henri de Rochefort stayed there. Illustration by Frid'Rick, La Lanterne, March 21, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401083

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “We finally decided to do a commemorative service for King Louis of Hollande (1778-1846), husband of Queen Hortense (Hortense de Beauharnais, 1783-1837)”. King Louis of Holland, father of Emperor Napoleon III known for his marital misfortunes. Illustration by Frid'Rick, La Lanterne, August 8, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, vol1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “We finally decided to do a commemorative service for King Louis of Hollande (1778-1846), husband of Queen Hortense (Hortense de Beauharnais, 1783-1837)”. King Louis of Holland, father of Emperor Napoleon III known for his marital misfortunes. Illustration by Frid'Rick, La Lanterne, August 8, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, vol1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401047

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Maximilian, shot by the Mexican Republicans.” Maximilian I of Mexico or Ferdinand Maximilian Joseph (1832-1867), brother of the Austrian Emperor Francois-Joseph was placed on the throne of Mexico by Napoleon III in 1864. But soon abandoned by Europe, he fell into the hands of his enemies and was shot on 19 June 1867. La Lanterne, June 25, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Maximilian, shot by the Mexican Republicans.” Maximilian I of Mexico or Ferdinand Maximilian Joseph (1832-1867), brother of the Austrian Emperor Francois-Joseph was placed on the throne of Mexico by Napoleon III in 1864. But soon abandoned by Europe, he fell into the hands of his enemies and was shot on 19 June 1867. La Lanterne, June 25, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401106

Balthazar de Beaujoyeulx

Balthazar de Beaujoyeulx

XLE3777775

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Empire is peace”: Emperor Napoleon III proclaimed: “Some people say that empire is war, I say: empire is peace.” On July 19, 1870, France declared war on Prussia. Just two months later, Sedan's defeat ended the imperial regime. Illustration by Frid'Rick, La Lanterne, July 4, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, vol1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Empire is peace”: Emperor Napoleon III proclaimed: “Some people say that empire is war, I say: empire is peace.” On July 19, 1870, France declared war on Prussia. Just two months later, Sedan's defeat ended the imperial regime. Illustration by Frid'Rick, La Lanterne, July 4, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, vol1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401037

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Luc Boegly

LBY4546954

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Luc Boegly

LBY4546957

Salle des periodiques de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Salle des periodiques de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Luc Boegly

LBY4546942

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Luc Boegly

LBY4546943

Salle des Periodiques de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Salle des Periodiques de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Luc Boegly

LBY4546944

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Luc Boegly

LBY4546945

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Luc Boegly

LBY4546946

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Luc Boegly

LBY4546964

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Luc Boegly

LBY4546966

Seventh Italian War: "The death of Charles III of Bourbon connetable of France (1490-1527) reached with a stroke of arquebuse by probably Benvenuto Cellini at the siege of the city of Rome on 6/05/1527”. By Maarten van Heemskerck (1498-1574) End of the 19th century (engraving from “Museum-Criminal” by Henri Varennes and Edgar Troimaux)

Seventh Italian War: "The death of Charles III of Bourbon connetable of France (1490-1527) reached with a stroke of arquebuse by probably Benvenuto Cellini at the siege of the city of Rome on 6/05/1527”. By Maarten van Heemskerck (1498-1574) End of the 19th century (engraving from “Museum-Criminal” by Henri Varennes and Edgar Troimaux)

ELD4871810

Salle des periodiques de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Salle des periodiques de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Luc Boegly

LBY4546940

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Luc Boegly

LBY4546947

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Luc Boegly

LBY4546953

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Luc Boegly

LBY4546958

Salle des periodiques de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Salle des periodiques de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Luc Boegly

LBY4546952

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Salle des Imprimes de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Luc Boegly

LBY4546950

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “From 1 July onwards, the underwriters of the imperial loan shall enter into use”. Commentary by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913), French journalist and politician: “” By announcing the issue of four hundred and a few million which the ever-increasing prosperity of our finances forces to borrow, the “Moniteur” adds naively: “The enjoyment of the loan is from 1 July”. These financiers have these words.” Illustration by Andre Gill, La Lanterne, August 8, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, vol1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “From 1 July onwards, the underwriters of the imperial loan shall enter into use”. Commentary by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913), French journalist and politician: “” By announcing the issue of four hundred and a few million which the ever-increasing prosperity of our finances forces to borrow, the “Moniteur” adds naively: “The enjoyment of the loan is from 1 July”. These financiers have these words.” Illustration by Andre Gill, La Lanterne, August 8, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, vol1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401049

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “” Saint-Arnaud, accomplice of the Deux-Decembre, is caught in Crimea of a very violent dysentery that exhausts him and from which he dies.” Armand Jacques Achille Leroy de Saint Arnaud (1798-1854), military, adventurer and comedian under the name of Florival, general commander Paris in 1851, executor of the coup d'état of Napoleon III on 2 December 1851. Winner at the Battle of the Alma, he died of cholera in Crimee in 1854. La Lanterne, June 4, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “” Saint-Arnaud, accomplice of the Deux-Decembre, is caught in Crimea of a very violent dysentery that exhausts him and from which he dies.” Armand Jacques Achille Leroy de Saint Arnaud (1798-1854), military, adventurer and comedian under the name of Florival, general commander Paris in 1851, executor of the coup d'état of Napoleon III on 2 December 1851. Winner at the Battle of the Alma, he died of cholera in Crimee in 1854. La Lanterne, June 4, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401104

Salle des Imprimes (Salle des periodiques) de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Salle des Imprimes (Salle des periodiques) de la bibliotheque Richelieu, Bibliotheque nationale, Palais Mazarin, 58 rue de Richelieu, Paris 2nd arrondissement. It was Napoleon III who entrusted Henri Labrouste with the reconstruction of the imperiale library, which the increase in collections made indispensable... We no longer knew where to put the books From 43,000 books in 1688, we had gone up to 800,000 books in 1851. Since 1996, the national bibliotheque de rue Richelieu has merged with the Bibliotheque nationale de France-Tolbiac. Construction between 1859 and 1867

Luc Boegly

LBY4546948

View of the Pyramid of the Magician (photo)

View of the Pyramid of the Magician (photo)

STF276947

First public clock in Paris - Paris oldest public clock - First public clock in Paris, commissioned in 1371 by Charles V, it was made by watchmaker Henri de Vic. In 1418, the clock is equipped with an external dial “” so that the inhabitants of the city can settle their affairs day and night.” The clock was redesigned in 1472 by Philippe Brille and decoree under Henri III (1551 - 1589) by the sculptor Germain Pillon. Motto: “Who dedit ante duas, triplicen dabit ille coronan” (Whoever already gives him two crowns will give him a third) refers to the crowns of Poland and France. “” Machina quae bis sex tam juste dividit boras Justitiam servare monet legesque tueri”” (This machine that makes twelve parts so rightly teous at hours teaches to protect justice and defend the laws). The clock is located on the Clock Tower, at the corner of Boulevard du Palais and Quai de l'Horloge. Renovee in September 2012. Paris 'first clock is on the wall of the Concierge and was built in 1370

First public clock in Paris - Paris oldest public clock - First public clock in Paris, commissioned in 1371 by Charles V, it was made by watchmaker Henri de Vic. In 1418, the clock is equipped with an external dial “” so that the inhabitants of the city can settle their affairs day and night.” The clock was redesigned in 1472 by Philippe Brille and decoree under Henri III (1551 - 1589) by the sculptor Germain Pillon. Motto: “Who dedit ante duas, triplicen dabit ille coronan” (Whoever already gives him two crowns will give him a third) refers to the crowns of Poland and France. “” Machina quae bis sex tam juste dividit boras Justitiam servare monet legesque tueri”” (This machine that makes twelve parts so rightly teous at hours teaches to protect justice and defend the laws). The clock is located on the Clock Tower, at the corner of Boulevard du Palais and Quai de l'Horloge. Renovee in September 2012. Paris 'first clock is on the wall of the Concierge and was built in 1370

Sebastien Beaucourt

PIX4665803

First public clock in Paris - Paris oldest public clock - First public clock in Paris, commissioned in 1371 by Charles V, it was made by watchmaker Henri de Vic. In 1418, the clock is equipped with an external dial “” so that the inhabitants of the city can settle their affairs day and night.” The clock was redesigned in 1472 by Philippe Brille and decoree under Henri III (1551 - 1589) by the sculptor Germain Pillon. Motto: “Who dedit ante duas, triplicen dabit ille coronan” (Whoever already gives him two crowns will give him a third) refers to the crowns of Poland and France. “” Machina quae bis sex tam juste dividit boras Justitiam servare monet legesque tueri”” (This machine that makes twelve parts so rightly teous at hours teaches to protect justice and defend the laws). The clock is located on the Clock Tower, at the corner of Boulevard du Palais and Quai de l'Horloge. Renovee in September 2012. Paris 'first clock is on the wall of the Concierge and was built in 1370

First public clock in Paris - Paris oldest public clock - First public clock in Paris, commissioned in 1371 by Charles V, it was made by watchmaker Henri de Vic. In 1418, the clock is equipped with an external dial “” so that the inhabitants of the city can settle their affairs day and night.” The clock was redesigned in 1472 by Philippe Brille and decoree under Henri III (1551 - 1589) by the sculptor Germain Pillon. Motto: “Who dedit ante duas, triplicen dabit ille coronan” (Whoever already gives him two crowns will give him a third) refers to the crowns of Poland and France. “” Machina quae bis sex tam juste dividit boras Justitiam servare monet legesque tueri”” (This machine that makes twelve parts so rightly teous at hours teaches to protect justice and defend the laws). The clock is located on the Clock Tower, at the corner of Boulevard du Palais and Quai de l'Horloge. Renovee in September 2012. Paris 'first clock is on the wall of the Concierge and was built in 1370

Sebastien Beaucourt

PIX4665835

View of the Pyramid of the Magician (photo)

View of the Pyramid of the Magician (photo)

STF276948

First public clock in Paris - Paris oldest public clock - First public clock in Paris, commissioned in 1371 by Charles V, it was made by watchmaker Henri de Vic. In 1418, the clock is equipped with an external dial “” so that the inhabitants of the city can settle their affairs day and night.” The clock was redesigned in 1472 by Philippe Brille and decoree under Henri III (1551 - 1589) by the sculptor Germain Pillon. Motto: “Who dedit ante duas, triplicen dabit ille coronan” (Whoever already gives him two crowns will give him a third) refers to the crowns of Poland and France. “” Machina quae bis sex tam juste dividit boras Justitiam servare monet legesque tueri”” (This machine that makes twelve parts so rightly teous at hours teaches to protect justice and defend the laws). The clock is located on the Clock Tower, at the corner of Boulevard du Palais and Quai de l'Horloge. Renovee in September 2012. Paris 'first clock is on the wall of the Concierge and was built in 1370

First public clock in Paris - Paris oldest public clock - First public clock in Paris, commissioned in 1371 by Charles V, it was made by watchmaker Henri de Vic. In 1418, the clock is equipped with an external dial “” so that the inhabitants of the city can settle their affairs day and night.” The clock was redesigned in 1472 by Philippe Brille and decoree under Henri III (1551 - 1589) by the sculptor Germain Pillon. Motto: “Who dedit ante duas, triplicen dabit ille coronan” (Whoever already gives him two crowns will give him a third) refers to the crowns of Poland and France. “” Machina quae bis sex tam juste dividit boras Justitiam servare monet legesque tueri”” (This machine that makes twelve parts so rightly teous at hours teaches to protect justice and defend the laws). The clock is located on the Clock Tower, at the corner of Boulevard du Palais and Quai de l'Horloge. Renovee in September 2012. Paris 'first clock is on the wall of the Concierge and was built in 1370

Sebastien Beaucourt

PIX4665823

First public clock in Paris - Paris oldest public clock - First public clock in Paris, commissioned in 1371 by Charles V, it was made by watchmaker Henri de Vic. In 1418, the clock is equipped with an external dial “” so that the inhabitants of the city can settle their affairs day and night.” The clock was redesigned in 1472 by Philippe Brille and decoree under Henri III (1551 - 1589) by the sculptor Germain Pillon. Motto: “Who dedit ante duas, triplicen dabit ille coronan” (Whoever already gives him two crowns will give him a third) refers to the crowns of Poland and France. “” Machina quae bis sex tam juste dividit boras Justitiam servare monet legesque tueri”” (This machine that makes twelve parts so rightly teous at hours teaches to protect justice and defend the laws). The clock is located on the Clock Tower, at the corner of Boulevard du Palais and Quai de l'Horloge. Renovee in September 2012. Paris 'first clock is on the wall of the Concierge and was built in 1370

First public clock in Paris - Paris oldest public clock - First public clock in Paris, commissioned in 1371 by Charles V, it was made by watchmaker Henri de Vic. In 1418, the clock is equipped with an external dial “” so that the inhabitants of the city can settle their affairs day and night.” The clock was redesigned in 1472 by Philippe Brille and decoree under Henri III (1551 - 1589) by the sculptor Germain Pillon. Motto: “Who dedit ante duas, triplicen dabit ille coronan” (Whoever already gives him two crowns will give him a third) refers to the crowns of Poland and France. “” Machina quae bis sex tam juste dividit boras Justitiam servare monet legesque tueri”” (This machine that makes twelve parts so rightly teous at hours teaches to protect justice and defend the laws). The clock is located on the Clock Tower, at the corner of Boulevard du Palais and Quai de l'Horloge. Renovee in September 2012. Paris 'first clock is on the wall of the Concierge and was built in 1370

Sebastien Beaucourt

PIX4665827

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “” Master Leon Gambetta, defensor of Delescluze in the Baudin subscription proceedings””. Louis Charles Delescluzes (1809-1871), founder of the opposition newspaper “” Le Reveil”, had launched the idea of a subscription intended to raise a monument to Depute Baudin, killed on the barricades on 3 December 1851. Trained before the courts by Emperor Napoleon III, he was brilliantly defended by Leon Gambetta (1838-1882), ovationne at the end of the trial, but despite all condemnation. Illustration by Andre Gill, La Lanterne, November 27, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, volume 2), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “” Master Leon Gambetta, defensor of Delescluze in the Baudin subscription proceedings””. Louis Charles Delescluzes (1809-1871), founder of the opposition newspaper “” Le Reveil”, had launched the idea of a subscription intended to raise a monument to Depute Baudin, killed on the barricades on 3 December 1851. Trained before the courts by Emperor Napoleon III, he was brilliantly defended by Leon Gambetta (1838-1882), ovationne at the end of the trial, but despite all condemnation. Illustration by Andre Gill, La Lanterne, November 27, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, volume 2), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401077

First public clock in Paris - Paris oldest public clock - First public clock in Paris, commissioned in 1371 by Charles V, it was made by watchmaker Henri de Vic. In 1418, the clock is equipped with an external dial “” so that the inhabitants of the city can settle their affairs day and night.” The clock was redesigned in 1472 by Philippe Brille and decoree under Henri III (1551 - 1589) by the sculptor Germain Pillon. Motto: “Who dedit ante duas, triplicen dabit ille coronan” (Whoever already gives him two crowns will give him a third) refers to the crowns of Poland and France. “” Machina quae bis sex tam juste dividit boras Justitiam servare monet legesque tueri”” (This machine that makes twelve parts so rightly teous at hours teaches to protect justice and defend the laws). The clock is located on the Clock Tower, at the corner of Boulevard du Palais and Quai de l'Horloge. Renovee in September 2012. Paris 'first clock is on the wall of the Concierge and was built in 1370

First public clock in Paris - Paris oldest public clock - First public clock in Paris, commissioned in 1371 by Charles V, it was made by watchmaker Henri de Vic. In 1418, the clock is equipped with an external dial “” so that the inhabitants of the city can settle their affairs day and night.” The clock was redesigned in 1472 by Philippe Brille and decoree under Henri III (1551 - 1589) by the sculptor Germain Pillon. Motto: “Who dedit ante duas, triplicen dabit ille coronan” (Whoever already gives him two crowns will give him a third) refers to the crowns of Poland and France. “” Machina quae bis sex tam juste dividit boras Justitiam servare monet legesque tueri”” (This machine that makes twelve parts so rightly teous at hours teaches to protect justice and defend the laws). The clock is located on the Clock Tower, at the corner of Boulevard du Palais and Quai de l'Horloge. Renovee in September 2012. Paris 'first clock is on the wall of the Concierge and was built in 1370

Sebastien Beaucourt

PIX4665817

First public clock in Paris - Paris oldest public clock - First public clock in Paris, commissioned in 1371 by Charles V, it was made by watchmaker Henri de Vic. In 1418, the clock is equipped with an external dial “” so that the inhabitants of the city can settle their affairs day and night.” The clock was redesigned in 1472 by Philippe Brille and decoree under Henri III (1551 - 1589) by the sculptor Germain Pillon. Motto: “Who dedit ante duas, triplicen dabit ille coronan” (Whoever already gives him two crowns will give him a third) refers to the crowns of Poland and France. “” Machina quae bis sex tam juste dividit boras Justitiam servare monet legesque tueri”” (This machine that makes twelve parts so rightly teous at hours teaches to protect justice and defend the laws). The clock is located on the Clock Tower, at the corner of Boulevard du Palais and Quai de l'Horloge. Renovee in September 2012. Paris 'first clock is on the wall of the Concierge and was built in 1370

First public clock in Paris - Paris oldest public clock - First public clock in Paris, commissioned in 1371 by Charles V, it was made by watchmaker Henri de Vic. In 1418, the clock is equipped with an external dial “” so that the inhabitants of the city can settle their affairs day and night.” The clock was redesigned in 1472 by Philippe Brille and decoree under Henri III (1551 - 1589) by the sculptor Germain Pillon. Motto: “Who dedit ante duas, triplicen dabit ille coronan” (Whoever already gives him two crowns will give him a third) refers to the crowns of Poland and France. “” Machina quae bis sex tam juste dividit boras Justitiam servare monet legesque tueri”” (This machine that makes twelve parts so rightly teous at hours teaches to protect justice and defend the laws). The clock is located on the Clock Tower, at the corner of Boulevard du Palais and Quai de l'Horloge. Renovee in September 2012. Paris 'first clock is on the wall of the Concierge and was built in 1370

Sebastien Beaucourt

PIX4665799

First public clock in Paris - Paris oldest public clock - First public clock in Paris, commissioned in 1371 by Charles V, it was made by watchmaker Henri de Vic. In 1418, the clock is equipped with an external dial “” so that the inhabitants of the city can settle their affairs day and night.” The clock was redesigned in 1472 by Philippe Brille and decoree under Henri III (1551 - 1589) by the sculptor Germain Pillon. Motto: “Who dedit ante duas, triplicen dabit ille coronan” (Whoever already gives him two crowns will give him a third) refers to the crowns of Poland and France. “” Machina quae bis sex tam juste dividit boras Justitiam servare monet legesque tueri”” (This machine that makes twelve parts so rightly teous at hours teaches to protect justice and defend the laws). The clock is located on the Clock Tower, at the corner of Boulevard du Palais and Quai de l'Horloge. Renovee in September 2012. Paris 'first clock is on the wall of the Concierge and was built in 1370

First public clock in Paris - Paris oldest public clock - First public clock in Paris, commissioned in 1371 by Charles V, it was made by watchmaker Henri de Vic. In 1418, the clock is equipped with an external dial “” so that the inhabitants of the city can settle their affairs day and night.” The clock was redesigned in 1472 by Philippe Brille and decoree under Henri III (1551 - 1589) by the sculptor Germain Pillon. Motto: “Who dedit ante duas, triplicen dabit ille coronan” (Whoever already gives him two crowns will give him a third) refers to the crowns of Poland and France. “” Machina quae bis sex tam juste dividit boras Justitiam servare monet legesque tueri”” (This machine that makes twelve parts so rightly teous at hours teaches to protect justice and defend the laws). The clock is located on the Clock Tower, at the corner of Boulevard du Palais and Quai de l'Horloge. Renovee in September 2012. Paris 'first clock is on the wall of the Concierge and was built in 1370

Sebastien Beaucourt

PIX4665815

First public clock in Paris - Paris oldest public clock - First public clock in Paris, commissioned in 1371 by Charles V, it was made by watchmaker Henri de Vic. In 1418, the clock is equipped with an external dial “” so that the inhabitants of the city can settle their affairs day and night.” The clock was redesigned in 1472 by Philippe Brille and decoree under Henri III (1551 - 1589) by the sculptor Germain Pillon. Motto: “Who dedit ante duas, triplicen dabit ille coronan” (Whoever already gives him two crowns will give him a third) refers to the crowns of Poland and France. “” Machina quae bis sex tam juste dividit boras Justitiam servare monet legesque tueri”” (This machine that makes twelve parts so rightly teous at hours teaches to protect justice and defend the laws). The clock is located on the Clock Tower, at the corner of Boulevard du Palais and Quai de l'Horloge. Renovee in September 2012. Paris 'first clock is on the wall of the Concierge and was built in 1370

First public clock in Paris - Paris oldest public clock - First public clock in Paris, commissioned in 1371 by Charles V, it was made by watchmaker Henri de Vic. In 1418, the clock is equipped with an external dial “” so that the inhabitants of the city can settle their affairs day and night.” The clock was redesigned in 1472 by Philippe Brille and decoree under Henri III (1551 - 1589) by the sculptor Germain Pillon. Motto: “Who dedit ante duas, triplicen dabit ille coronan” (Whoever already gives him two crowns will give him a third) refers to the crowns of Poland and France. “” Machina quae bis sex tam juste dividit boras Justitiam servare monet legesque tueri”” (This machine that makes twelve parts so rightly teous at hours teaches to protect justice and defend the laws). The clock is located on the Clock Tower, at the corner of Boulevard du Palais and Quai de l'Horloge. Renovee in September 2012. Paris 'first clock is on the wall of the Concierge and was built in 1370

Sebastien Beaucourt

PIX4665838

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Massacre of minors in Ricamaria””. Ricamarie, a mining city in the Saint-Etienne region, has severely repressed strikes. There are several deaths among minors. La Lanterne, May 7, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Massacre of minors in Ricamaria””. Ricamarie, a mining city in the Saint-Etienne region, has severely repressed strikes. There are several deaths among minors. La Lanterne, May 7, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401097

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Imperiale censorship.” The hideous censorship attacks the Republican newspapers: Le Reveil, Le Reminder, l'Electeur and, of course, La Lantern, which won the strongest audience. La Lanterne, May 21, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Imperiale censorship.” The hideous censorship attacks the Republican newspapers: Le Reveil, Le Reminder, l'Electeur and, of course, La Lantern, which won the strongest audience. La Lanterne, May 21, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401099

Experiences de physique executees par Henri Robin (vers 1803-1874) en l'honneur des meilleures eleves des Lycees de Paris, un spectacle offert par le Prince Imperial au Palais des Tuileries, le 27 janvier 1865. Sont presents : le Prince Imperial, fils de Napoleon III (1856-1879) (au centre du premier rang), l'imperatrice Eugenie de Montijo (1826-1920) et les princesses Mathilde Bonaparte (1820-1904) et Clotilde de Savoie (1843-1911) (assises devant la scene). Gravure in ""Le Monde Illustre"" n°408 du 4 fevrier 1865.

Experiences de physique executees par Henri Robin (vers 1803-1874) en l'honneur des meilleures eleves des Lycees de Paris, un spectacle offert par le Prince Imperial au Palais des Tuileries, le 27 janvier 1865. Sont presents : le Prince Imperial, fils de Napoleon III (1856-1879) (au centre du premier rang), l'imperatrice Eugenie de Montijo (1826-1920) et les princesses Mathilde Bonaparte (1820-1904) et Clotilde de Savoie (1843-1911) (assises devant la scene). Gravure in ""Le Monde Illustre"" n°408 du 4 fevrier 1865.

French School, (19th century)

Stefano Bianchetti

XEE4164758

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “The Triumph of Bonapartist Finance”. Business development often leads to stock market scandals and corruption. According to Pierre Joseph Proudhon (1809-1865): “Improbite regains in morals and piracy in business...”. The Macaroni mines are probably the Ricamarie mines. La Lanterne, May 14, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “The Triumph of Bonapartist Finance”. Business development often leads to stock market scandals and corruption. According to Pierre Joseph Proudhon (1809-1865): “Improbite regains in morals and piracy in business...”. The Macaroni mines are probably the Ricamarie mines. La Lanterne, May 14, 1869. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 2, volume 3), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401095

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “” Dussoubs, representative of the people, kills on a barricade, in the December coup d'état.”” Denis Dussoubs (1814-1851), a lawyer and brother of the Republican depute Gaston Dussoubs had gone to the barricades to represent his sick brother. He was killed there, like Depute Baudin. Illustration by Frid'Rick, La Lanterne, November 27, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, volume 2), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “” Dussoubs, representative of the people, kills on a barricade, in the December coup d'état.”” Denis Dussoubs (1814-1851), a lawyer and brother of the Republican depute Gaston Dussoubs had gone to the barricades to represent his sick brother. He was killed there, like Depute Baudin. Illustration by Frid'Rick, La Lanterne, November 27, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, volume 2), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401075

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “To see the degree of popularity enjoyed by the imperial government, one only has to look at the first-come subscription fund of the unofficial newspapers.” The term “unofficial newspapers” is used here as “government newspapers”, foremost of which is Le Constitutionnel. Illustration by Frid'Rick, La Lanterne, November 13, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, volume 2), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “To see the degree of popularity enjoyed by the imperial government, one only has to look at the first-come subscription fund of the unofficial newspapers.” The term “unofficial newspapers” is used here as “government newspapers”, foremost of which is Le Constitutionnel. Illustration by Frid'Rick, La Lanterne, November 13, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, volume 2), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401072

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “A barn drummer misfortune having had, at the time of the draw, the dark vein of bringing the number 7”: according to the conscription system, the one who draws the wrong number must complete 7 years of service, unless he can pay a replacement. La Lanterne, July 4, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, vol1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “A barn drummer misfortune having had, at the time of the draw, the dark vein of bringing the number 7”: according to the conscription system, the one who draws the wrong number must complete 7 years of service, unless he can pay a replacement. La Lanterne, July 4, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, vol1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401040

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Decors should be forced to pick up the cross themselves at the top of a matte of cocagne. We would be sure at least that they would have done something to get it.” Among these undeserving decors is the Archeveque of Paris, Georges Darboy (1813-1871) (see caricature in “La Lanterne”, 15 August 1868). Illustration by Frid'Rick, La Lanterne, August 1, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, vol1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Decors should be forced to pick up the cross themselves at the top of a matte of cocagne. We would be sure at least that they would have done something to get it.” Among these undeserving decors is the Archeveque of Paris, Georges Darboy (1813-1871) (see caricature in “La Lanterne”, 15 August 1868). Illustration by Frid'Rick, La Lanterne, August 1, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, vol1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401045

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “” Egyptian Conciliation. Our government must regret that our morals cannot live with the viceroy's legislation.” It reads further: In Egypt “any depute of the opposition who allows himself to observe the course of business must expect to see himself sewn in a bag of canvas and precipite in the Nile”” (or to have his head cut, according to the engraving). Illustration by Andre Gill, La Lanterne, June 20, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, volume 1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “” Egyptian Conciliation. Our government must regret that our morals cannot live with the viceroy's legislation.” It reads further: In Egypt “any depute of the opposition who allows himself to observe the course of business must expect to see himself sewn in a bag of canvas and precipite in the Nile”” (or to have his head cut, according to the engraving). Illustration by Andre Gill, La Lanterne, June 20, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, volume 1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401032

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Gill's melon (drawing of the period)”. Following the censorship of one of his drawings, Andre Gill (1840-1885), a French cartoonist, replaced him with that of a melon deprived of one of his slices and opened his mouth to deliver a speech. The cartoon, published in L'Eclipse on 15 August 1868, is in turn censured for “obscenite”. The identity of the person represented is controversial. Illustration by Andre Gill, published in L'Eclipse and reproduced in La Lanterne, August 15, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, volume 1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

Cartoon of the politics of the Second Empire (Bonapartiste Regime) directed by Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, dit Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, 1808-1873). “Gill's melon (drawing of the period)”. Following the censorship of one of his drawings, Andre Gill (1840-1885), a French cartoonist, replaced him with that of a melon deprived of one of his slices and opened his mouth to deliver a speech. The cartoon, published in L'Eclipse on 15 August 1868, is in turn censured for “obscenite”. The identity of the person represented is controversial. Illustration by Andre Gill, published in L'Eclipse and reproduced in La Lanterne, August 15, 1868. Engraving in “” Napoleon dernier: Les Lanternes de l'Empire”” (Volume 1, volume 1), reedition of 1880-1881 of 75 issues of the newspaper “” La Lanterne “” published by Henri Rochefort (1831-1913) between 30/05/1868 and 29/10/1869 at the Anti-Clerical Librairie. Private collection.

JOC4401048

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